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Saiki k 3d model4/11/2023 Notably, the weight in the ADSCs with antibiotic group recovered to baseline on POD 14 (Fig. antibiotic group) and POD14 (Welch ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post-test, p < 0.001 vs. However, the weight change was significantly smaller in the ADSCs with antibiotic group than in the other groups on POD7 (Welch ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post-test, p = 0.003 vs. Rats in all three groups lost weight initially after surgery, reaching the lowest point on postoperative day (POD) 7. The systemic response to infection was indirectly quantified by measuring changes in body weight. All rats survived and were active during the observation period. Moreover, the cells were spindle-shaped, a typical morphological feature of ADSCs (Fig. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the subgroup of CD90+ ADSCs had the highest population. Therefore, in the current study, we examined whether combined ADSCs and antibiotic therapy is superior to antibiotic monotherapy in a methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)-infected PJI rat model.įidelity of the ADSCs was confirmed using flow cytometry. Furthermore, the antibacterial efficacy of the combined intravenous ADSCs and antibiotic therapy, as well as their effect on host physiology, including bone and soft tissue structure, remain unknown. However, this therapy has not yet been evaluated in detail for PJI. Additionally, MSCs, including adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), may be effective for treating biofilm infections and infection-related sepsis when administered intravenously in combination with antibiotics 10, 11. MSCs have been studied in various fields and have exhibited therapeutic efficacy against coronavirus disease 2019 infection, sepsis, and pneumonia 9. Previous studies have focused on strategies that activate and modulate the immune system 5, 6 or induce the release of antimicrobial peptides from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 7, 8. Therefore, a non- antibiotics strategy is needed to prevent biofilm infection while preserving implant integrity. In clinical practice, removing implants might be impossible as this process can negatively impact quality of life, and the development of bacterial resistance during long-term antibiotic therapy is also a concern 4. Furthermore, with an increase in the number of arthroplasty procedures being performed, an increase in associated infections will also inevitably occur, posing a significant threat to society 3. Moreover, prolonging antibiotic therapy to quell infection while preserving the integrity of the implant is extremely difficult, and revision surgeries are often required 2. PJI is characterized by biofilm infections, wherein biofilm-forming bacteria escape the host’s immune response and become resistant to antibiotics 1. Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), an implant-related infection, is one of the most serious complications that can occur following total joint arthroplasty. This strong antibacterial effect may be related to the increased cathelicidin expression and decreased inflammatory cytokine expression at the site of infection. Thus, the combined intravenous ADSCs and antibiotic therapy induced a stronger antibacterial effect than antibiotic monotherapy in a MSSA-infected PJI rat model. antibiotic group), whereas that of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin(IL)-6 was lower in the ADSCs with antibiotic group than in the no-treatment group (TNF-α, p = 0.010 vs. Moreover, the expression of cathelicidin expression was significantly higher (p = 0.002 vs. Histological analysis revealed a clear, thin, and continuous bony envelope, a homogeneous bone marrow, and a defined, normal interface in the ADSCs with antibiotic group. The modified Rissing score was used to evaluate localized infection on postoperative day 14 and was the lowest in the ADSCs with antibiotic group however, no significant difference was observed between the antibiotic group and ADSCs with antibiotic group (p < 0.001 vs. antibiotic group) and less bone density loss around the implants (p = 0.015 vs. The ADSCs with antibiotic group exhibited the fastest recovery from weight loss, with lower bacterial counts (p = 0.013 vs. The rats were randomly assigned and equally divided into 3 groups: no-treatment group, antibiotic group, ADSCs with antibiotic group. This study investigates the efficacy of combined intravenous ADSCs and antibiotic therapy in comparison to antibiotic monotherapy in a methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)-infected PJI rat model. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) exert antibacterial effects however, their efficacy in PJI remains unclear. Furthermore, long-term antibiotic therapy may increase the prevalence of drug-resistant bacterial strains, necessitating a non-antibacterial approach. Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is characterized by biofilm infection, which is difficult to alleviate while preserving implant integrity.
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